Power Suplay Tenaga Matahari

Rangkaian Power Suplay Tenaga Surya ini didasarkan pada regulator MAX630 microPower CMOS yang diproduksi oleh Semiconductor Maxxim.
Maxim MAX630 CMOS DC-DC regulator dirancang sederhana, efisien, ukuran minimum DC-DC converter sirkuit di kisaran 5mW untuk 5W. IC MAX630 menyediakan semua fungsi pengendalian dan penanganan daya dalam paket 8-pin.
Rangkaian Power Suplay tenaga surya ini dapat memberikan tegangan 4,8 volt atau 7,2 output dengan hanya menggunakan input 3 volt dari bank photocells.

Efisiensi ini rangkaian ini adalah sekitar 70%. Untuk memilih tegangan output dari regulator power supply surya Anda harus memilih nilai yang benar dari resistor R1. Jika Anda ingin power suplay memberikan 4,8 volt pada output, nilai dari resistor R1 akan menjadi sekitar 453K ohm dan jika Anda ingin mendapatkan 7,2 volt pada output, nilai dari resistor R1 harus sekitar 273k ohm. Nilai dari C1 dan C3 dari diagram sirkuit dalam mikrofarad. Arus maksimum yang disediakan oleh diagram power supply rangkaian adalah sekitar 15mA.

Read More

Rangkaian Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Matahari

Rangkaian Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya.
Untuk memanfaatkan sinar matahari yang terus menerus menyinari bumi bisa kita manfaatkan untuk dijadikan sumber listrik sehingga kita setidaknya bisa menghemat pemakaian listrik yang terus menerus harganya mengalami kenaikan, dibawah ini adalah salah satu rangkaian Pembangkit Listrik sederhana yang bisa anda buat dan dimanfaatkan untuk mengisi Aki motor anda atau untuk lampu emergency.

Skema Rangkaian Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya

Cara Kerja Rangkaian:
Sinar Matahari diterima oleh panel surya kemudian diolah menjadi tenaga listrik, namun tenaga listrik yang dihasilkan dari setiap panel nya masih terlalu kecil dimana dengan 8 Cell Panel yang dirangkai secara seri hanya mampu mrnghasilkan tegangan kurang lebih 4 Volt dengan arus 200 mA.
nah oleh karena itu diperlukan suatu rangkaian elektronik untuk meningkatkan tegangan dan arus yang cukup untuk dijadikan sebagai Charger Baterai.
Rangakain Elektronik bertindak sebagai rangkaian Inverter DC ke DC (DC to DC Inverter), yang dibangun oleh 2 buah Capacitor, 1 Resistor, 1 Transistor, 1 Dioda, dan sebuah kumparan yang merupakan titik keberhasilan pembuatan rangkaian ini.

Rangkaian dibangun dengan system oscilator tunggal (BLOCKING OSCILLATOR) yang dibangun oleh transistor dan sebuah kumparan dimana pada lilitan primer berjumlah 45 lilitan dan 15 lilitan di sekunder sebagai umpan balik untuk memberikan tegangan di basis transistor output dari lilitan primer di hubungkan dengan dioda dan di pakai untuk pengisian Baterai.

Bila rangkaian ini digabungkan dengan Lampu Neon Darurat maka tentunya akan mendapatkan tegangan yang cukup untuk penerangan di malam hari secara gratis. karena pada siang hari nya accu di charge oleh matahari.

Keberhasilan dari experimen ini adalah cara pembuatan kumparan dimana cara nya sama dengan topik Lampu neon darurat
.
Daftar Komponen

• 8 cell panel surya 0.5v 200 mA (banyak dijual di toko-toko elektronik) atau manfaatkan solar panel bekas kalkulator yang sudah rusak/tidak terpakai lagi anda bongkar dan ambil solarcell nya
• Capacitor 100 uF
• Capacitor 10 uF
• Transistor TIP 31 atau yang sejenis
• Resistor 1 K
• Dioda BY 207 (Diada 5 Ampere) atau yang sejenis
• Accu Motor.
• Kurang lebih 3 meter kawat email diameter 0.25 mm.
• Batang Ferite yang biasa di pakai di radio-radio AM.

Read More

Battery Charger use Solar Panel

When loading a battery during the day from a solar panel it can be partially discharging through the panel after nightfall. This solar panel power switch circuit replaces the diode and connects the panel to battery through a relay contact. When the power supply voltage is to low the relay is not ON, so the battery is not connected to the solar panel.

When the voltage is high enough to engage the relay and the LDR receives enough light in order to open T1, the relay will switch and the battery will charge.
The relay remains ON even when the solar panel voltage starts to decrease. A battery connected and charged can not action the relay when the light intensity decreases because R2 will block T1. The brightness at which this occurs is set by P1.
Because the power consumption is determined primarily by the relay, it is important that it should a miniature one, with high coil resistance but be capable to switch up to 10 A.

Components list for solar panel to battery switch
R1 = 100Ω
R2 = LDR05
P1 = 25K
D1 = zener diode 9.1V / 1W
D2 = 1N4148
T1 = BC557

Read More

Solar Charger Circuit

Here is an Energy saving battery charger. It harvests solar energy to replenish 12 volt Inverter battery. It has auto cut off facility to stop charging when the battery attains full charge. The charger uses a 24 volt solar panel as input.

The circuit uses a variable voltage regulator IC LM 317 to set the output voltage steady around 16 volts. Variable resistor VR controls the output
voltage. When the solar panel generates current, D1 forward biases and Regulator IC gets input current. Its output voltage depends on the setting of VR and the output current is controlled by R1.This current passes through D2 and R3. When the output voltage is above (as set by VR) 16volts, Zener diode ZD2 conducts and gives stable 15 volts for charging. Charging current depends on R1 and R3. Around 250 to 300 milli ampere current will be available for charging. Green LED indicates charging status. When the battery attains full voltage around 13 volts, Zener diode ZD1 conducts and T1 forward biases. This drains the output current from the regulator IC through T1 and charging process stops. When the battery voltage reduces below 12 volts, ZD1 turns off and battery charging starts again.


Connect the circuit to the solar panel and measure the input voltage. Make sure that it is above 18 volts. Connect the circuit to the battery with correct polarity and adjust VR till LED lights. This indicates the conduction of ZD2 and output voltage. Use heat sinks for LM317 and TIP 122 to dissipate heat.
Note : The same circuit can be modified for charging different types of batteries. The only modification required is the change of ZD1 and ZD2. Select ZD2 value for the required output voltage and ZD1 for cut off voltage level. For example for 6 volt battery, ZD1 should be 6.1 volts and ZD2 6.8 volt. For Mobile battery, ZD1 should be 4.7 volts and ZD2 5.1 volts. All the other components remain same.

Read More

Solar Lamp Circuit diagram

Here is the simple solution to make an automatic Solar powered lamp. It automatically switches on two high power White LEDs in the evening and stays on for 6 hours using a 6 volt 4.5 Ah rechargeable battery.

Simple Solar Lamp Circuit diagram

A 12 volt solar panel is used to charge the battery during day time. The battery is connected to the input line through the NO and Common contacts of the relay. Diodes D1 and D2 drops 1.4 volts and charge indicator LED uses 1.8 volts. Relay also drops some voltage so that around 8 volts will be available for charging the battery. The high value (4700uF) Capacitor C1 act as a “buffer” for the clean switching of the relay and also prevents “relay clicking” when the input voltage reduces momentarily.


During day time, the solar panel generates 12 volt DC which makes the relay active and the NO (Normally Open) contact makes connection with the common contact. This completes the current path to the battery. Two 1 Watt power LEDs are connected to the NC (Normally Connected) contacts of the relay. When the relay energize, the NC contact breaks and LEDs do not get power. Resistor R2 ( 18 Ohms 1 Watt) drops the LED current to 330 mA. The LEDs are rated 350 mA at 3.6 volts. With 3 volts and 250 mA current, these LEDs can give adequate brightness.

In the evening, current from the solar panel stops and relay de – energize. At the same time, the NC contact of the relay gets power from the battery through the common contact and LEDs turn on. Theoretically, the battery can power 12 hours with 350 mA current, but the battery voltage and current reduces drastically. So it is better to turn off the lamp after 5 or 6 hours using the switch S1.
Use a small 6 volt 100 Ohms PCB relay to make the lamp unit compact. The Solar Lamp circuit including the relay can be enclosed in a small box. If a reflector is fixed behind the White LEDs, intensity of light can be increased. Use jack and socket to connect the solar panel with the circuit.

Read More

Mobile Phone Travel Charger

Here is an ideal Mobile charger using 1.5 volt pen cells to charge mobile phone while traveling. It can replenish cell phone battery three or four times in places where AC power is not available.

Most of the Mobile phone batteries are rated at 3.6 V/500 mA. A single pen torch cell can provide 1.5 volts and 1.5 Amps current. So if four pen cells are connected serially, it will form a battery pack with 6 volt and 1.5 Amps current. When power is applied to the circuit through S1, transistor T1 conducts and
Green LED lights.
When T1 conducts T2 also conducts since its base becomes negative. Charging current flows from the collector of T1. To reduce the charging voltage to 4.7 volts, Zener diode ZD is used. The output gives 20 mA current for slow charging. If more current is required for fast charging, reduce the value of R4 to 47 ohms so that 80 mA current will be available. Points A and B are used to connect the charger with the mobile phone. Use suitable pins for this and connect with correct polarity.

Read More

Solar Charger Circuit (Rangkaian Pengisi Batere dgn Solar Cell)

Here is a solar charger circuit that is used to charge Lead Acid or Ni-Cd batteries using the solar energy power. The circuit harvests solar energy to charge a 6 volt 4.5 Ah rechargeable battery for various applications. The charger has Voltage and Current regulation and Over voltage cut off facilities.

The circuit uses a 12 volt solar panel and a variable voltage regulator IC LM 317. The solar panel consists of solar cells each rated at 1.2 volts. 12 volt DC is available from the panel to charge the battery. Charging current passes through D1 to the voltage regulator IC LM 317. By adjusting its Adjust pin,
output voltage and current can be regulated.
VR is placed between the adjust pin and ground to provide an output voltage of 9 volts to the battery. Resistor R3 Restrict the charging current and diode D2 prevents discharge of current from the battery. Transistor T1 and Zener diode ZD act as a cut off switch when the battery is full. Normally T1 is off and battery gets charging current.
When the terminal voltage of the battery rises above 6.8 volts, Zener conducts and provides base current to T1. It then turns on grounding the output of LM 317 to stop charging.

Read More